Lidl and UK Supermarket Customer Purchase Behavior - 1375 Words

Lidl and UK Supermarket Customer Purchase Behavior (Research Paper Sample) Content: Lidl and UK Supermarket Customer Purchase BehaviorStudentà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s NameInstitutional AffiliationIntroductionAn increase in the number of supermarkets in the UK has changed the way consumers purchase their products. Supermarkets have devised different advertising formats to inform potential consumers on the availability of the products in their stores. The recent consumers making purchases from UK supermarkets have found it easy to gauge prices and practice the behavior of product price and quality comparison before purchasing. This has reduced the behavior practiced before where supermarkets depended on customer loyalty and goodwill to make big sales. Consumer behavior of spending a day to buy in bulk has become a thing of the past. Currently consumersà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬ behavior has changed such that most product purchases are done in small chunks at different times when one feels like having the product. The behavior of purchasing in bulk has been reduced by the differen ce in pricing and the variety availed by the supermarkets in UK. Current consumers are engaged in market segmentation, where they purchase products from different store during one shopping expedition. This has reduced the sales levels for traditional supermarkets which depended on consumer loyalty (Marimon et al. 2010).There is a new consumer behavior called Promiscuous behavior. This behavior has killed the trend of traditional supermarkets where they believed in consumer loyalty. They previously made high sales due to their strong and appealing brands to the consumers. Most consumers believed in the market dominance of specific supermarkets and made their whole monthà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s purchase from store that influences their purchasing behavior. This new consumer demeanor dictates stores to take products to consumers not consumers looking for the products (Homburg et al 2012). Most UK Stores have recently ensured a comprehensive advertisement of their products to the consumers and made it their responsibility to avail goods to such consumers when required. The consumers have had their behavior influenced by electronic commerce that makes them have a variety of products at their disposal. This attitude has not only been beneficial to the consumers because of ability to choose from the variety, but they have also had the ability to compare prices and buy commodities at fairly cheap prices (Stanley 2015).How Lidl has addressed the promiscuity behavior of consumersLidl has opened numerous stores to ensure that every need of a consumer is met at one of their store. Lidl stores are strategically placed with a variety of commodities to entice consumers. Lidl has also ensured their stores are well equipped to prevent other supermarkets to pose competition threats. These practices have drawn consumers to many of the Lidl stores and led to the continuous rise in the supermarketà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s profit margins. To tame the promiscuity behavior of consumer, Lidle has always parti cipated in ensuring discounted sales to their potential consumers. This has seen an increasing number of consumers visiting their stores, to get fair pricing models. The discounts provided by the supermarket is not limited to one product or only offered in one region, but the decision to manage such discounts are uniform in all Lidl outlets. To tame this behavior of consumer promiscuity, Lidl has also invested in technology, making it easy and efficient to offer all their services to consumers. The payment methods have been devised such that they are straight forward and direct to prevent customers queuing while purchasing their products (Jones et al. 2014).With help of Mobile Application, Lidl has found it easier to reach every consumer in all the regions they serve. Consumers have also found it efficient to order from products away from the stores. Technology such as an interactive online platform has also helped Lidl to reach many consumers thus promoting customer loyalty. This h as helped to reengineer the brand name of the supermarket. Lidl has also tamed this new consumer behavior by ensuring that their physical stores are reduced, and their products are marketed online. Consumers are only encouraged to make their purchases online and have products availed to them where there are. Lidl also adjusted their opening hours, making their service to twenty four hours a day for whole week. Provision of after sales services has also helped Lidl address the new behavior of consumer promiscuity. Consumers now believe in Lidle products because they enjoy services provided by the supermarket employees. Lidl store are considered all in one. This is because consumers are in a position to find all products they wish to purchase (Pennacchioli 2014). Lidl has also participated in carrying researches to understand consumer behavior and revise their pricing psychology to increase their loyalty towards the supermarketà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s products. Since most generations involved in purchasing Lidl products are youths and tech savvy elderly people, the supermarket has invested heavily in internet marketing to help promote their online platform, and increase customer base thus translating to increased profits. The supermarket has also invested in determining customers emotional needs by offering free gifts and promotions before the commencement of sales of new products. Finally, Lidl has offered genuine and customer centric products that have long guarantees. This idea had drawn many consumers to shop in Lidl outlets because of the trust they have on their products (Prevost 2008).How Lidl has addressed the Segmentation behavior of consumersThe idea of having consumers purchase goods from different shops has not augured well with Lidl. Therefore, they have managed to distribute their outlets everywhere to ensure that their presence is felt everywhere in the region. These outlets are also fully equipped with all products to make them one stop shops for customer. W hen consumers have gone shopping, all their needs are able to be met at any Lidl outlets. The products are also priced such that their prices are relatively cheaper as compared to other products in the market. Therefore, Lidl products are considered by clients as pocket friendly and of high quality. The many Lidl stores also accept different kinds of payments, making it convenient for all consumers and preventing this behavior of market segmentation by potential consumers (Negri 2014). The lidl locations are also advertised intensively to make potential buyers of their presence and the kind of products they offer. Therefore, every outlet of Lidl is in the public domain and products can either be compared through online platforms or by physically visit...

Homeschooling Pros and Cons Essay - 1009 Words

Homeschooling Pros and Cons Homeschooling is a rising alternative in children’s education. As with any other major movement there have been doubts and debates as well as support and promotion for this educational approach. Homeschooling was once the norm in society before there was a public school system. But the parents involved in homeschooling feel very strongly about the positive outcomes that it has brought about in the lives and success of their children. It has once again surfaced and become popular but there are several people who question the possible negative effects this option creates. Criticism of homeschooling is vast and there are several different aspects as to why it could be detrimental to the development of a†¦show more content†¦As aspiring teachers we have come to see the professional training that is required for certified teachers. Parents who homeschool are not necessarily certified and lack the teaching experience for which classroom teachers are trained. There is also a criticism with the idea of homeschooling as becoming another commercial industry. Rob Reich, a noted professor at Stanford, sees homeschooling as another part of an ever growing commercial society (Reich, 2002, p. 58) In homeschooling it is possible to create a specialized curriculum by choosing subject material specific to a child’s strengths. This allows for education to become more of a business than a growing process to build up a child’s weaknesses as well as his or her strengths. Also it is interesting to note that most of those who homeschool are white mid dleclass families who can afford to be single-income households (Lubienski, 2000, p. 209) Therefore homeschooling is not an available option to any who might be interested in this possibility. Supporters, however, find many positive aspects of the effects of homeschooling. One such example would be that homeschooled children generally score 15-30 points above public high school scores on standardized tests (Ray, 2002, p.51). Also studies show that that homeschooled students are doing well with socialization. Homeschooling organizations have been created so that these children can interact with each other, thus dealing with the fearShow MoreRelatedPros And Cons Of Homeschooling1383 Words   |  6 PagesHomeschooling is a phenomenon that has been there for a long time where parents pass knowledge and skills learned from a long times experience to the younger generations. This practice equipped the younger generations with skills that they would use in their lives guaranteeing their success in life. Since the time that this method began, many things have changed in different aspects involving education and social setting as well. It is a time that the homeschooling practice is re-evaluated sitingRead MorePros And Cons Of Homeschooling1126 Words   |  5 Pagesother kid from public school, they could all do well if they studied hard enough and put in the work. Isabel also stated â€Å"Homeschooling is becoming more popular every day, with a growth rate of 7 to 15 percent per year. There are about two million children currently learning at home† Also said by a research by National Home Education Research Institute (NHERI) in 2010, homeschooling is growing at a rate of 2-8% every year making it the fastest among different forms of education. This may seem like aRead MoreThe Pros and Cons of Homeschooling1182 Words   |  5 PagesHomeschooling has long been an alternate method for parents to educate their children. Homeschooling is a method where a child is being schooled at home by their parents, relatives or private tutors to educate their children from pre-k to 12th grade. Basically their whole childhood to their early adulthood. Homeschooling should be avoided by parents because it can cause their children to have a difficult time integrating into society because they have extremely limited interaction with their ownRead MoreThe Pros And Cons Of Homeschooling1331 Words   |  6 Pages Badr AlmutawaProfessor SpollenEnglish I24 July 2017Homeschooling: A Reasonable AlternativeHomeschooling is becoming an increasingly attractive alternative to other forms of schooling such as at public or private schools. homeschooling does seem to gain opponents from time to time and they might have good points. However, this movement has rendered satisfactory results and should continue to be legal and should be respected and aided by educators and the legal systemRead MoreThe Pros And Cons Of Homeschooling1022 Words   |  5 PagesWhile homeschooling is legal in all 50 states, federal courts have not settled the issue of whether homeschooling should be considered a fundamental right. This means that in the future, an anti-homeschooling state legislature could take away the ability to homeschool. To protect itself against efforts to suppress the homeschooling movement, Raley suggests that the homeschooling movement seeks to have homeschooling recognized as a f undamental right under the Fourteenth Amendment. If homeschoolingRead MoreThe Pros And Cons Of Homeschoolg And Homeschooling773 Words   |  4 Pagesfor success and improvement. Two controversial forms of education are public schooling and homeschooling. Though public schooling is beneficial, homeschooling has proven itself to be better in almost every area, including productivity, socialization, testing, cost, and flexibility. While in public school students are required to stay for countless hours, having no say in the curriculum. In homeschooling students have a flexible schedule; they can spend as much time as they want on subjects. Read MoreHomeschooling in the United States: Types, Pros and Cons Essay1988 Words   |  8 PagesIs Homeschooling A Good Educational System? Once a parent has child that is old enough to start school, the parent has to think about if they want to enroll their child in public school or homeschool them. Today, many parents are homeschooling their children. A U.S. Department of Education’s report shows that approximately 1.5 million children were being homeschooled in 2007 (Lips amp; Feinberg, 2008). This is almost 3 percent of all school age children (Lips amp; Feinberg, 2008). A privateRead MoreEssay On Homeschooling907 Words   |  4 PagesHomeschooling Many families are taking their children out of public and private school’s classroom to move the classroom to their homes. In both articles, the parents have different reasons for why they are choosing to homeschool instead of keeping their children in public or private schools. Homeschooling is not for everyone and cannot be taken lightly. There are many different reasons why families would rather homeschool instead of sending their children to public schools. According to parentsRead MoreWhy I Homeschool : The Answers Change Almost As Fast As My Kids1084 Words   |  5 Pagesor so she thought. Amy Thornton–Kelly explains the many reasons why homeschooling is the best decision she has made. First, she explains that once her husband and her considered homeschooling â€Å"the floodgates opened† to the many benefits of homeschooling. It alleviates stress, allows her kids to learn in a healthier environment and allows her to teach her kids in a more profound way. Second, Thornton-Kelly states that homeschooling allows her kids to better master subjects, unlike in public schoolsRead MoreThe Effects Of Homeschooling On Children And Public Schools895 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction: Homeschooling is becoming much more common now than it was years ago. Parents are now preferring to homeschool their children over public school due to many reasons such as religion, safety, academic quality travel, family togetherness, separation of government and school, mastery over grades, expenses, and focusing on learning plans made for the student. Public schools are institutions, which are funded by tax revenues from the government. Schools have boundaries to then figure

The Scarlet Letter, By Nathaniel Hawthorne - 1389 Words

If we look at the setting in The Scarlet Letter, by Nathaniel Hawthorne, it is a 1600s puritan settlement in New England. This particular place is the Massachusetts Bay Colony, where, as depicted in The Scarlet Letter, is bound by the strict rules of the Puritans. We can see that internal struggle is planted in people’s minds because of their punishment, and specifically, Hester Prynne. We can see that Hester’s punishment, however, has helped her internally to become a better, independant person who has control over her life. Through specific examples, the character of Hester Prynne can be analyzed through the course of The Scarlet Letter. We see that the physical manifestation of Pearl, the scarlet letter, her conversations and how they each show more of Hester’s self, all are from Hester’s internal struggle with the punishments she faces, and how she is steadily overcoming them. Through these ways, Hester struggles with herself because she is always bein g given a constant reminder of her sin. To make matters worse, she has to cope with not telling people the truth about who her partner was. She would not say it was Dimmesdale, which would probably make her life easier if she did. If she had, they could have coped with it together, and made it a lot better. In the book, it tells readers how bad it is for Dimmesdale to not spill the beans -- but it never really goes into much depth about how bad it is for Hester and with her internal struggle because of her punishment.Show MoreRelatedThe Scarlet Letter By Nathaniel Hawthorne1242 Words   |  5 PagesLYS PAUL Modern Literature Ms. Gordon The Scarlet Letter The scarlet letter is book written by Nathaniel Hawthorne who is known as one the most studied writers because of his use of allegory and symbolism. He was born on July 4, 1804 in the family of Nathaniel, his father, and Elizabeth Clark Hathorne his mother. Nathaniel added â€Å"W† to his name to distance himself from the side of the family. His father Nathaniel, was a sea captain, and died in 1808 with a yellow fever while at sea. That was aRead MoreThe Scarlet Letter By Nathaniel Hawthorne960 Words   |  4 Pages3H 13 August 2014 The novel, The Scarlet Letter, was written by the author Nathaniel Hawthorne and was published in 1850 (1). It is a story about the Puritan settlers of the Massachusetts Bay Colony, set around 1650 (2). The story is written in the third person with the narrator being the author. The common thread that runs through this novel is Hawthorne’s apparent understanding of the beliefs and culture of the Puritans in America at that time. But Hawthorne is writing about events in a societyRead MoreThe Scarlet Letter, By Nathaniel Hawthorne919 Words   |  4 Pagessymbolism in Nathaniel Hawthorne’s â€Å"The Scarlet Letter†. Symbolism is when an object is used in place of a different object. Nathaniel Hawthorne is one of the most symbolic writers in all of American history. In â€Å"The Scarlet Letter†, the letter â€Å"A† is used to symbolize a variety of different concepts. The three major symbolistic ideas that the letter â€Å"A† represents in Nathaniel Hawthorne’s â€Å"The Scarlet Letter† are; shame, guilt, and ability. In Nathaniel Hawthorne’s â€Å"The Scarlet Letter†, the firstRead MoreThe Scarlet Letter By Nathaniel Hawthorne1397 Words   |  6 PagesFebruary 2016 The Scarlet Letter was written by Nathaniel Hawthorne in 1850 which is based on the time frame of the Puritans, a religious group who arrived in Massachusetts in the 1630’s. The Puritans were in a religious period that was known for the strict social norms in which lead to the intolerance of different lifestyles. Nathaniel Hawthorne uses the puritan’s strict lifestyles to relate to the universal issues among us. The time frame of the puritans resulted in Hawthorne eventually thinkingRead MoreThe Scarlet Letter, by Nathaniel Hawthorne1037 Words   |  5 Pagesthat human nature knows right from wrong, but is naturally evil and that no man is entirely â€Å"good†. Nathaniel Hawthorne, author of the classic novel The Scarlet Letter, believes that every man is innately good and Hawthorne shows that everyone has a natural good side by Hester’s complex character, Chillingworth’s actions and Dimmesdale’s selfless personality. At the beginning of the Scarlet Letter Hester Prynne is labeled as the â€Å"bad guy†. The townspeople demand the other adulterer’s name, butRead MoreThe Scarlet Letter By Nathaniel Hawthorne1517 Words   |  7 PagesNathaniel Hawthorne composes Pearl as a powerful character even though she is not the main one. Her actions not only represent what she is as a person, but what other characters are and what their actions are. Hawthorne makes Pearl the character that helps readers understand what the other characters are. She fits perfectly into every scene she is mentioned in because of the way her identity and personality is. Pearl grows throughout the book, which in the end, help the readers better understandRead MoreThe Scarlet Letter By Nathaniel Hawthorne999 Words   |  4 Pages Nathaniel Hawthorne is the author of the prodigious book entitled The Scarlet Letter. In The Scarlet Letter, Hester Prynne commits adultery with Reverend Arthur Dimmesdale. Her husband, R oger Chillingworth, soon finds out about the incident after it becomes clear that she is pregnant. The whole town finds out and Hester is tried and punished. Meanwhile, Roger Chillingworth goes out then on a mission to get revenge by becoming a doctor and misprescribing Dimmesdale. He does this to torture DimmesdaleRead MoreThe Scarlet Letter, By Nathaniel Hawthorne1488 Words   |  6 Pages In Nathaniel Hawthorne’s novel The Scarlet Letter, the main character, Hester Prynne, is a true contemporary of the modern era, being cast into 17th century Puritan Boston, Massachusetts. The Scarlet Letter is a revolutionary novel by Nathaniel Hawthorne examining the ugliness, complexity, and strength of the human spirit and character that shares new ideas about independence and the struggles women faced in 17th century America. Throughout the novel, Hester’s refusal to remove the scarlet letterRead MoreThe Scarlet Letter By Nathaniel Hawthorne1319 Words   |  6 PagesPrynne and Arthur Dimmesdale are subject to this very notion in Nathaniel Hawthorne s The Scarlet Letter. Hester simply accepted that what she had done was wrong, whereas Dimmesdale, being a man of high regard, did not want to accept the reality of what he did. Similar to Hester and Dimmesdale, Roger Chillingworth allows his emotions to influence his life; however, his influence came as the result of hi s anger. Throughout the book, Hawthorne documents how Dimmesdale and Hester s different ways of dealingRead MoreThe Scarlet Letter By Nathaniel Hawthorne1714 Words   |  7 PagesSome two hundred years following the course of events in the infamous and rigid Puritan Massachusetts Colony in the 1600s, Nathaniel Hawthorne, descendant of a Puritan magistrate, in the 19th century, published The Scarlet Letter. Wherein such work, Hawthorne offered a social critique against 17th Massachusetts through the use of complex and dynamic characters and literary Romanticism to shed light on said society’s inherent contradiction to natural order and natural law. In his conclusive statements

First Love, Porphyrias lover and My Last Duchess Essay Example For Students

First Love, Porphyrias lover and My Last Duchess Essay In this essay there will be three poems being described and evaluated. The first poem is First Love which is written by John Clare. The second poem is Porphyrias lover which is written by Robert Browning. The last poem is My Last Duchess which is written by the same poet Robert Browning. In First love the poet has fallen in love. Poet has seen a beautiful lady and his heart is stolen by her. The poet struggles to talk to his love. This man is totally confused and helpless. The poet also knows that he cant have the woman he admires because of her higher status. In Porphyrias Lover the lady loved the poet very deeply but the poet was suspicious about her. The poet also did not want someone else to have her. The poet was an obsessive person. So the poet strangled her with her own beautiful long yellow hair. The poet thought that he did not do anything wrong with her because he thought that she was only his. So thats why he mentioned in her poem And yet God hasnt said any word. He didnt regret on what he done because he thought that she was only his, so he was able to do any thing with her what he wants. In My Last Duchess the poet was not able to understand his wife. He didnt realize that his wife was a friendly person and she liked freedom. He mistakenly felt that his wife loved other men. He thought that other men were pleasing her too much. He wanted to rule her because he believed that she needed to obey his orders. He was snobbish on his power so thats why he wouldnt stoop. At last he arranged some one to snatch her life. He implied the message to father of his second wife that if her daughter doesnt obey him, the same thing will happen to her which happened with his first wife. In both Porphyrias Lover and My Last Duchess the women were murdered. In First Love the type of love is unattainable, unrequited which is totally different from other two poems because the type of love in other two poems is totally opposite than this one. The type of love in Porphyrias Lover is obsessive, psychotic and possessive. The type of love in My Last Duchess is very paranoid, powerful and jealous. The important task to explore is the vocabulary which was used in the poems: The vocabulary which the poet used in First love is very sweet naà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ve and different than other two poems. The poet has fallen in love. Poet has seen a beautiful lady and his heart was stolen by her. He never saw more beautiful lady than her. He mentioned in his poem I neer was struck before that hour. He used uncomplicated words to express his feelings e.g. With love so sudden and so sweet. He struggles to talk to his love but he was totally confused and incapable; he knows that he cant have his love because of her higher status. So thats why he mentioned Are the flowers the winters choice?. The vocabulary of Porphyrias Lover is dissimilar than the First Love. The poet used very athletic vocabulary such as Blushed bright beneath my burning kiss. The poet used very powerful vocabulary to show his jealous for her e.g. he mentioned In one long yellow string I wound. He used strong vocabulary such as shes mine, mine which shows that the writer is very obsessial man. The writer also uses some vocabulary which shows that he didnt felt any guilt e.g. no pain felt she. These all type of vocabulary tells us about the type of his love which is forbidden and gripping love. .uda06c40f7959292fb74531bebedd1c3b , .uda06c40f7959292fb74531bebedd1c3b .postImageUrl , .uda06c40f7959292fb74531bebedd1c3b .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uda06c40f7959292fb74531bebedd1c3b , .uda06c40f7959292fb74531bebedd1c3b:hover , .uda06c40f7959292fb74531bebedd1c3b:visited , .uda06c40f7959292fb74531bebedd1c3b:active { border:0!important; } .uda06c40f7959292fb74531bebedd1c3b .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uda06c40f7959292fb74531bebedd1c3b { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uda06c40f7959292fb74531bebedd1c3b:active , .uda06c40f7959292fb74531bebedd1c3b:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uda06c40f7959292fb74531bebedd1c3b .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uda06c40f7959292fb74531bebedd1c3b .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uda06c40f7959292fb74531bebedd1c3b .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uda06c40f7959292fb74531bebedd1c3b .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uda06c40f7959292fb74531bebedd1c3b:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uda06c40f7959292fb74531bebedd1c3b .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uda06c40f7959292fb74531bebedd1c3b .uda06c40f7959292fb74531bebedd1c3b-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uda06c40f7959292fb74531bebedd1c3b:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Compare the poems 'Out, Out' by Robert Frost and 'Mid Term Break' by Seamus Heaney EssayThe vocabulary which was used in My Last Duchess is quite similar with the Porphyrias Lover. The poet used very covetous language e.g. Too easily impressed to show his jealous love for her. The writer used words such as my and mine which shows that he thought that she was only his, no one can take her accept of him and he can do anything to her which he wants. These all type of vocabulary tells us about the type of his love which is paranoid, jealous and complicated love. The next important task to explore is the sentence structure which was used in the poems: In First Love the writer used uncomplicated words in his sentences which tell about his feelings e.g. My legs refused to walk away. He used very common words which show about the reaction of love on him e.g. Blood rushed to my face. This quote tells that the writer was embarrassed. He used some similes in his sentences e.g. Her face it bloomed like a sweet flower. These similes make a very good imagery for the reader. The writer also used alliteration to give a very good sound to his poem e.g. Love so sudden and so sweet. There is also use of rhyming couple in the poem e.g. hour-flower, pail-ail which makes a very nice sound pattern for the reader. The poem is written in three steps with equal eight number of lines. The poet also used rhetorical questions Are flowers the winters choice?. These all things together make a very good sentence structure. The sentence structure of Porphyrias Lover is different than the First Love because in this poem the writer didnt use the smiles. The biggest different of the sentence structure of this poem is that its lines are enjambment. He used exclamations to show his thoughts And God has not said any word. Exclamation shows that the poet didnt felt any remorse. The writer also used some athletic words in his sentences e.g. no pain felt she. This quote tells that the writer didnt felt any guilt. However he used the alliteration which is also used in First Love to give a nice sound to the poem. Blushed bright beneath my burning kiss. He used the repetition in his poem mine which makes a strong sentence structure. However he also used the personification in his sentences The sullen wind was soon awake. There is also a rhyming scheme in this poem just like in First Love. He used rhyming couple in his poem to aware from every thing e.g. night-spite, awake-lake. This rhyming scheme makes a very good sound for the reader. He also used metaphors in this poem which helps to make a good sentence structure In one long yellow string. It also builds a very good imagery. In My Last Duchess the poet used dramatic and powerful sentences. He used the exclamations which are also used in Porphyrias Lover to show his feelings I gave commands. This quote tells us that he wants to rule her because he believed that she needed to obey his orders. He also used rhetorical questions which are also used in First Love whod stoop to blame. There is also a rhyming scheme in this poem just like in First Love and also in Porphyrias Lover e.g. wall-call, hand-stand. This rhyming scheme makes a very good sound for the reader. The next important task to explore is the imagery which was used in the poems: In First Love the imagery is very unsophisticated and innocent. The sentences which the poet used show all the imagery very clearly. The imagery of the First Love is that the poets heart was stolen away. That poet is helpless in love and he was very romantic. The poet said Words from any heart did start; they spoke as chords do from the string. This statement shows a very romantic imagery. My life all seemed turned to clay. This statement makes a scene in which poet is helpless and struggles to talk to his love. This sentence also shows that how much poet loves her. The writer said And took my sight away . This sentence also makes a very romantic scene in which Poet fallen in love and his heart stolen by her. .ud9a0e3d49ce287b0723b17120475a6d5 , .ud9a0e3d49ce287b0723b17120475a6d5 .postImageUrl , .ud9a0e3d49ce287b0723b17120475a6d5 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ud9a0e3d49ce287b0723b17120475a6d5 , .ud9a0e3d49ce287b0723b17120475a6d5:hover , .ud9a0e3d49ce287b0723b17120475a6d5:visited , .ud9a0e3d49ce287b0723b17120475a6d5:active { border:0!important; } .ud9a0e3d49ce287b0723b17120475a6d5 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ud9a0e3d49ce287b0723b17120475a6d5 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ud9a0e3d49ce287b0723b17120475a6d5:active , .ud9a0e3d49ce287b0723b17120475a6d5:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ud9a0e3d49ce287b0723b17120475a6d5 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ud9a0e3d49ce287b0723b17120475a6d5 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ud9a0e3d49ce287b0723b17120475a6d5 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ud9a0e3d49ce287b0723b17120475a6d5 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ud9a0e3d49ce287b0723b17120475a6d5:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ud9a0e3d49ce287b0723b17120475a6d5 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ud9a0e3d49ce287b0723b17120475a6d5 .ud9a0e3d49ce287b0723b17120475a6d5-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ud9a0e3d49ce287b0723b17120475a6d5:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Poetry Analysis A Poison Tree EssayThe imagery of Porphyrias Lover is different than the First Love because it has very obsessive and passionate imagery but its not much different than My Last Duchess because it also have some obsessive imagery. The writer said In one long yellow string I wound . This sentence makes an obsessive image in which he was killing her. As a shut bud that holds a bee . This sentence make a image in which the writer still thinking that she is still keeping a secret and she is lying to him. The writer also used beneath my burning kiss which makes an image which shows the depth of the Poets passion. In My Last Duchess the very little imagery is used. This is because the poem gives us a very clear image that (Duke) the poet is very powerful man and his love was a powerful love. However its imagery is different than the First Love but not much different than the Porphyrias Lover because it has psychotic, murderous, dramatic and jealous imagery. The writer said As if she ranked my gift of a nine hundred years old name. This sentence makes an image that he is not happy with Duchess. The poet also used dramatic monologue because the poet was telling the story to his servant. In the beginning of poem Thats my last duchess painted on wall. This quote makes a scene in which the Duchess is an object which is drawn. This sentence makes a scene in which Duchess was murdered. He said Too easily impressed; she liked whateer. This sentence makes the image about the jealous in his heart for the Duchess. Conclusion: In First Love the poets love is unattainable and unrequited. The First Love is a good poem because the writer loves the women very deeply. The poet used very sweet vocabulary to shows his feelings. In this poem the writer didnt killed someone. However in Porphyrias Lover the lady loved the poet very deeply but the poet was suspicious about her. The poet was an obsessive person. So the poet strangled her with her own beautiful long yellow hair. The poet thought that he did not do anything wrong with her because he thought that she was only his. So thats why he didnt regret. In My Last Duchess the poet was not able to understand his wife. He didnt realize that his wife was a friendly person and she liked freedom. He mistakenly felt that his wife loved other men. He thought that other men were pleasing her too much. He was proud on his power so thats why he wouldnt stoop. At last he arranged some one to snatch her life. In My last Duchess and Porphyrias lover both women were killed without doing any mistake.

Therapeutic Relationship Essay Example

Therapeutic Relationship Paper Person centred counselling originated and was evolved on the ideas of American psychologist Carl Rogers. The influences on Carl Rogers and he’s conceptualisation of Person centred counselling are numerous, from his early family life living on a farm, his interest and involvement in theology and his formative professional career. One incident which appears to have had a particular impact on Carl Rogers was when working in his first job as a psychologist, at Rochester New York, for an organisation for the prevention of cruelty to children, whilst working with a parent (Kirshenbaum H, et al. 1989). At this stage in his career Carl Rogers, being trained in or influenced by the tradition of psychoanalysis, was essentially working in a diagnostic and interpretative way, helping a child or parent gain insight or an intellectual understanding of their own behaviour and what was unconsciously driving or motivating it (Thorne B 2002) . He formalised that the problem with the child stemmed from the Mother’s rejection of the child in his early years. But despite a number of sessions was unable to help the Mother gain this insight. He concluded that it wasn’t working and finally gave up. The Mother was leaving when she asked Carl Rogers if he takes adults for counselling. He began working with the mother, where she subsequently expressed her despair of unhappiness and feelings of failure, which was more emotive and authentic in expression, than the previously intellectual and matter of fact account given previously of her history and current life. Carl Rogers said that ‘real therapy’ began at this moment and concluded in a successful outcome (Kirshenbaum H, et al. 1990). We will write a custom essay sample on Therapeutic Relationship specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Therapeutic Relationship specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Therapeutic Relationship specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer This is Carl Roger’s view and what he learned from this experience: â€Å"This incident was one of a number which helped me to experience the fact- only fully realized later- that is the client who knows what hurts, what directions to go, what problems are crucial, what experiences have been deeply buried. It began to occur to me that unless I had a need to demonstrate my own cleverness and learning, I would do better to rely upon the client for the direction of movement in the process†. (Kirshenbaum H, et al. 1990 p13). This statement is arguably the beginnings of what, in many ways would later define and becomes a way of working within person centred therapy – that is a therapy that allows the client to be whom the client is, without any active direction from the therapist. Carl Rogers through clinical experience, research and development later defined his model of therapy. He based it upon the principles of a person as having at it’s a core an instinctive tendency towards growth, to fulfilling their potential as a person in what he termed ‘self actualisation’ (Mearns D, et al.1988). Carl Rogers believed that every living organism has a desire to increase, widen and broaden. Essentially, a fundamental urge to improve upon itself and that although, in the case of human beings, this urge may be buried or hidden by multiple psychological structures and conflicts, he strongly believed in the existence of this actualisation tendency in all of us and that given the correct conditions, it could be freed and realised in all of us (Rogers C 1961- becoming a person). Personally, I have recognised a need to develop and grow within myself for sometime and this has again been highlighted to me during this term. The more I become aware of my insecurities and pre judgements, the greater the desire to become bigger than them only becomes more apparent to me. Through my clinical experience working with adults with mental health problems, I have certainly recognised a desire in many, to become bigger or more than their issues, although, I am not certain if that was a desire to escape from their often intolerable suffering, or a fundamental need to self actualise†¦ at the very least, I would suggest self actualisation is an entirely relative supposition and will differ from person to person, dependent upon their own experiences, circumstances and perhaps even expectations. These correct conditions which are required within person centred therapy in order that the client can achieve self actualisation and personality change were outlined by Carl Rogers and he believed that if this 6 conditions were met, it would facilitate change within the client: Two persons are in psychological contact- both client and counsellor are present physically and psychologically. The client is in a state of incongruence, (which will be discussed in more detail) the communication of the counsellor’s empathetic understanding and unconditional positive regard is met at a minimal level. The last condition mentioned involves 3 other conditions, which are essential attitudes and qualities necessary for the counsellor to posses for successful therapy; empathic understanding, unconditional positive regard and congruence. (Rogers C, 1957). Before looking at the latter 3 in more detail, it is important to understand Carl Rogers’s view of the person and perhaps what is ultimately bringing the client to therapy. Carl Rogers believed that there is incongruence between the self that is the actualisation part, that has a desire to grow, is open to experiencing in the moment and ultimately psychological well being and the actual experience of the self. He believed this effect was caused by ‘conditions of worth’, by external expectations, such as by parents and teachers, i. e. if you behave in a certain way that pleases me, that perhaps doesn’t evoke anxieties in me, you are a good boy- there are certain ‘conditions’ attached to being in this relationship- the child tries to internalise these conditions in order to maintain the relationship (Mearns D 1994- developing PC). Consequently, people deny or distort the experiences to their selves, which differ to how we are supposed or are conditioned to be. Therefore, Carl Rogers believed that we begin to believe in what we are not and refute who we really are (Mearns D 1994). The person has a fixed and inflexible view, or self concept (Rogers C 1980). It’s almost as if the person is driven in implementing or adopting certain behaviours in order to be accepted or loved and denying, or at the cost of their true self and feelings. This is the state of incongruence Rogers was referring as apart of the necessary conditions. Carl Rogers recognised, through his development of this approach, that distinctive and essential qualities are necessary within the therapist, for successful therapy and to facilitate character change. The emphasis being on the therapist’s attitude towards the client, as opposed to any technical skills or interventions, in comparison to many other modalities. As already mentioned, the key attitudes or qualities being empathy, congruence and unconditional positive regard (Rogers C 1980). Empathy can be considered as having an ability to perceive and understand in the other person their feelings, experiences and their meaning to that person. To understand the internal world of that person, to be fully aware of the feelings they are experiencing, their anger or sadness for example, as if they are your own, but being aware that they are the clients, in order that your own feelings do not become the focus or blur the clients own experiencing (Rogers C, 1957). To absolutely see from the clients view, the feelings they may have from their position or personal experiencing, but recognising them as separate from your own. I recall a moment during this term, when in skills practise, being in the ‘client role’, when I received empathy. I was speaking about a personal situation, which I was aware on some level had meaning to me, but wasn’t fully aware of, or experiencing the feelings relating to this meaning. My perception later was that the person listened so intently, was so with me in trying to make sense of my situation, that they really did know and fully understand how it must feel for me. It was almost if I had no choice in allowing my feelings to be present, to come to my awareness and I was left with a sense of loss, feelings of loss, that I wasn’t aware of and made tremendous sense to my circumstances and why I had some anxiety and confusion in relation to this particular issue. This highlights for me how powerful empathy can be, as well as actively listening to and showing an interest sufficient in trying to understand the client, but also how it has the potential to provoke in the client in becoming aware of hidden feelings or realisations. Unconditional positive regard (UPR) is another important aspect and described as having total acceptance of the client, without conditions, whoever and whatever the client is, or how they may behave. An acceptance of not what they may or could be, but as they are now, regardless of what desired qualities the counsellor may wish for. It means total respect and valuing the person, without judgement. It also involves a sense of genuine care and wanting the best for them, including warmth for the person (Rogers C 1961). David Mearns talks about the often confusion in trainees, when understanding UPR, with a statement such as, ‘how is it possible to like all my clients’? He makes a distinction that liking is generally selective, as we perceive a similarity in values and complementary needs and UPR and liking are two very different concepts (Mearns D 1994). Unconditional positive regard is completely about valuing the person, without conditions, with all the facets of the person, their struggles, protective layers, confusion and perhaps inconsistencies. This unconditional stance is a contradiction to the conditions of worth spoken of earlier and is a vital component of person centred counselling (Kulewicz S, 1989). If a client is holding a believe that they will only be accepted, depending on the condition of others, essentially they do not see themselves as being wholly acceptable. The stance and communication of UPR can break this believe and the client is able to be in a relationship, with the counsellor accepting them without conditions (Rogers C 1961). If the counsellor is consistently valuing the client, the client perhaps has no reason for the protective layers and can be more open to their own inner experiences. Also, I wonder if the counsellor is almost giving permission and communicating a message to the client that it is ok to accept who they truly are. Another essential attitude for the counsellor, recognised by Rogers is congruence. This is the counsellor being who they are, no facade or ‘professional’ barrier. The counsellor is open and genuine in the relationship, allowing all feelings and thoughts to be in his awareness and available to him (Rogers C 1961). It’s being present with yourself and owning your feelings, not necessarily expressing what you are experiencing at the time to the client, but also not denying it. How congruence is conveyed is ultimately depended upon the counsellor themselves and when appropriate. It is about allowing a trust to be formed with the client, without pretences, where the counsellor is being human and willing to be seen (Thorne B 2002). If the counsellor is willing to acknowledge his feelings, strengths, perhaps their mistakes or weakness, it can not only allow for a more open and flowing relationship, but again I see this as perhaps giving permission to the client to embrace themselves, their strengths and weaknesses. How this differs from a helping relationship, are mainly the quality of contact and the nature of the differences in relationship. What if our client seeks help from a non person centred counsellor, perhaps a professionally respected person, a Doctor, teacher, perhaps even a work place manager, or colleague. They will listen, perhaps are sympathetic, are likely to offer advice and some direction the person may take in order to resolve their problem. But there is no ongoing process, no consistency of a relationship, with all the qualities discussed, empathy, UPR and congruence. The person centred therapist offers a safe and non judgemental relationship, with the client being valued for who they are, where they can grow in understanding of themselves, gain insight and become psychological stronger and independent. A helping relationship, although perhaps useful and supportive, will not facilitate change and allow a person to grow. In conclusion, person centred therapy is about an effective relationship, or aspires to be one, in which a person through experiencing a positive connection with another person, namely the therapist, receives deep empathy, understanding and genuine care. This enables a person to question or challenge their self concepts, to begin to experience buried or hidden feelings and gain a deeper understanding of themselves, with more acceptances and the autonomy to live without fear of their own feelings and perhaps their truer selves. It is without any difficulty from me to admire the sheer humanity of what Carl Rogers achieved with person centred therapy, the whole ethos of accepting and allowing the person to grow through such a positive and caring relationship. It appears to me that this is an incredibly challenging model of therapy, for both client and therapist. For the client the person centred therapist may appear safe and accepting, even inoffensive or unchallenging to his protective mechanisms or fixed self concepts, but that is perhaps the greatest challenge to the client, who may want answers or ways of dealing with their issues, perhaps unbearable anxiety and will perhaps look to the therapist for solutions and will find the person centred therapist completely and deeply sharing their distress, but essentially leaving it with client to be able to tolerate and accept for themselves, with of course as discussed, with the intention for the client to grow, understand the meaning behind their distress and ultimately in becoming psychologically independent. I would imagine, at least initially or in the short term, it must be difficult for the client, who is still searching and looking outside of himself, for the apparent safety and false ‘conditions’ that will make it all well again. For the therapist, the challenge is potentially numerous, but what I recognise is the trust he must have in the process of person centred therapy, in maintaining all the attitudes as discussed and consistently so. I can see that taking great strength and discipline, when he could perhaps temptingly turn to direction and advice giving. I am also left wondering if the strengths within PC therapy are also its weaknesses. The quality of therapy can only be as effective as the quality of therapist, or the limitations of the therapist. This could be said of other therapies, but for example, the CBT therapist has a direction and structure to fall back on. The challenge to the PC therapist is to be constantly growing and developing, as there is such a dependence upon who they are in the relationship. References: Kirshenbaum, H. and Henderson, V. L. (1989) The Carl Rogers reader Bury St. Edmunds: St Edmundsbury Press Limited. Kulewicz, S. F. (1989) The twelve core functions of a Counselor (5th Edn). Marlborough, CT: Counselor Publications. Mearns, D. and Thorne, B. (1988) Person-centred counselling in Action (3rd Edn). London: Sage Publications Ltd. Mearns, D. (1994) Developing Person Centred counselling (2nd Edn). London: Sage Publications Ltd. Rogers, C. R. (1957) The Necessary and Sufficient Conditions of Therapeutic Personality Change Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology Vol. 60, No. 6, 827-832. Rogers, C. R. (1961) On Becoming a Person London: Constable Robinson Ltd. Rogers, C. R. (1980) A way of Being Boston: Houghton and Mifflin Company. Rogers, C. R. (1980) Client Centred psychotherapy In: Kaplan, H. I. et al, ceds, Comprehensive text book of Psychiatry (3rd Edn). Baltimore: Williams Wilkins Co. Thorne, B. Dryden, W. (2002) Person Centred Counselling in W. Dryden Handbook of Individual Therapy (4th Edn). London: Sage. pp. 131-157. Therapeutic relationship Essay Example Therapeutic relationship Essay Lago (2003: p54) states that Being misunderstood begets anger, frustration even hatred. By contrast, to be understood evokes trust, gratitude, exploration, love and aspiration. The use of language is absolutely central to the communication process and however much good intent there is, on both sides of a conversation, if misunderstandings persist then the potential for therapy is substantially diminished if not stopped altogether. Therefore as well as a means of communication language can form a boundary between two people, this is especially true in the therapeutic relationship. This does not only occur when the client and counsellor speak different first languages but also when they use the same language. Accents and usage of language vary throughout the U. K. ; this can lead to misunderstandings between the counsellor and the client. In certain parts of the country and with certain ages, swearing is readily accepted and used everyday. However, in other places and with other ages swearing is frowned upon. Language can also be a powerful weapon of oppression. If a client feels insecure, and the counsellor uses long and strange language, the client could feel intimidated and withdraw from the relationship. Therefore, language can be both freeing and constraining. Enabling because it allows us to express our feelings and opinions and communicate with others. Constraining because we cannot communicate with those who do not speak our language, it only allows the use of certain words for certain feelings. For example, the Eskimos have many different words for snow and sleet whereas in the U.  K. we have just those two. We will write a custom essay sample on Therapeutic relationship specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Therapeutic relationship specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Therapeutic relationship specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Therefore, if a counsellor has a client with a different first language it could be that the English equivalent does not really mean the same thing in their language. DIFFERING BELIEF SYSTEMS Belief systems are made up from many different parts of a persons psyche and can range from belief in religion to the belief in self. A persons outlook of religion will alter the way that they view the world. For example, I do not believe in any god and so when things happen I say that is life. However, in certain religions whichever god is being worshipped can be blamed or praised for the occurrence. In the counselling setting, the clients belief systems will affect the relationship. The client may believe for example that it is wrong to talk about certain issues and so if the issues are not talked about openly the relationship will falter, as congruence and honesty are a main component in the person centred approach. The counselling relationship is there in many cases to change the clients beliefs about their own self-image. For example, a client may believe that they are useless or worthless; this negative self-image will, hopefully, be changed throughout the counselling process so that the client lives a more fulfilled life. McLeod ( 2003: p484) states that there has been lively interest in the idea that all effective counsellors possess similar belief systems or ways of making sense of the world. The assumption is that counsellors are able to help people because they see the clients problems in a particular way. It could be then that as counsellors not only do we have our own beliefs but also we have certain commonalities that make us good at what we do. It is important to remember that there are two people in the therapeutic relationship and that they are both as important as each other. FAMILY PATTERNS All families no matter the size have patterns and positions. The family is affected not just by the size but the ages of its members and their genders. Adler looked more deeply into family patterns and found that those with different positions took on different roles and characteristics. Adler believed that a persons birth position and gender would influence their development and personality. For example, only children may be quite self-centred and unable to consider the needs of others unless reminded; middle children tend to feel squeezed out or sometimes held in, as they have neither the privileges of the eldest nor rights of a youngest. In addition, there is the difference in how we encourage our children according to their gender. For example, boys are encouraged to get dirty and go exploring and play a bit rough and big boys dont cry, whereas girls are encouraged to play with dolls and play nicely and to be clean and tidy. If a counsellor understands these issues, it may be easier for him to help the client. The relationship could be affected if the counsellor reminds the client of a member of their family that they did not get along with etc. this is also true of the counsellor. By understanding these issues, the counsellor could have more insight into the client and how the clients self-concept was formed. FAMILY LIFE EXPERIENCES The life experiences of the whole family will affect how a person develops and their outlook on life. For example if a client moved house as a child and found the experience unsettling and uncomfortable the client could later on develop problems dealing with loss and change. If the move was pleasant and the client settled into their new house, it is more likely that they will cope with change in a better way. All families have shared life experiences but each member of the family will remember different aspects of the event and be affected by it in different ways. For example a family my go on a holiday. The parents want to visit all the local sights and there is a lot of driving involved. The parents enjoy the driving because they like the countryside however, the kids cannot stand it because they are trapped in a car and prefer cities to the countryside. So even though all the family went to the same places and had the same experiences they all perceived the holiday in different ways. These events influence in later life and will affect all the relationships we have. Obviously, the relationship is one of the most important aspects in the P. C. approach to counselling.

The great Depression and the World Wars essays

The great Depression and the World Wars essays A Look at the Great Depression of 1936 After reading through the article, I gained very good information of what really happened during the era of 1930s in USA. Whereas I think the main cause for the Great depression was the huge stock market crash that occurred in October 1929 other than the Dust Bowl. The great Depression affected almost every nation. It caused a sharp decrease in world trade because each country tried to help its own industries by raising tariffs on imported goods. Everyone blamed the President Herbert Hoover at that time and people were very upset about his decisions involving the economy. They dealt with anger and elected President Franklin D. Roosevelt. He was the one who helped get the economy back in shape by creating a program called the New Deal. I think the Great Depression is one of the most misunderstood events in American history. It is routinely cited, as proof that unregulated capitalism is not the best in the world, and other interventions can save capitalism from itself. Among the man y myths surrounding the Great Depression are that Hoover was a laissez faire president and that FDR brought us out of the depression. What caused the Great Depression? To get a handle on that, its necessary to look at previous depressions and compare. The Great Depression was by no means the first depression this country ever had, but it was clearly the worst. What made it different that the rest? At the time of the Great Depression, government intervention in the economy was higher than it had ever been and a special government agency had been set up specifically to prevent depressions and their associated problems, such as bank panics. One agency was the Federal Reserve Board and it was to have been the loaner of last resorts for banks in order to prevent collapses as it happened before. I think the most dynamic fiasco, ever recorded which affected life in eve...

How might government debt reduction plans affect Bury Sports Ltd Essay

How might government debt reduction plans affect Bury Sports Ltd - Essay Example The UK public sector budget deficits, which are recorded since 2002-03, have already reached at the level of  £6.0 billion in February 2010, more than double in comparison with its previous year level. Net capital borrowing has increased almost one and half times more to  £12.4 billion than its previous year level. As a percentage of GDP the net public sector debt of the UK government has touched to 60.3 per cent in February, 2010, a 10 scale higher than the level of February, 2009. At the end of February, 2010 the net debt also has increased to  £857.5 billion from a level of  £712.4 billion in February 2009. Net public sector borrowing has also jumped to  £49.4 billion from the level of  £ 32.4 billion, at the end of the third quarter of 2009-10. Excluding the financial interventions, the public sector net debt has risen to  £741.6 billion by the end of February, 2010 from the level of  £596.9 billion which was seen in February, 2009, exactly before one year. (Month ly:  £6.0bn budget deficit, March 29, 2010; Tanweer, Thompson, n.d.). Keeping these issues in mind the government has taken a deficit reduction strategy. This set the path to Mr. Alistair Darling, Chancellor of the Exchequer to take an aggressive decision towards the reduction of debt. The government has planned for high cuts in its public spending over the coming two years. Mr. Darling intends to reduce the general government spending excluding capital investment, interest on debt and social welfare costs by almost 1.5 per cent and 2 percent in 2011 and 2012 respectively. (Fiscal Responsibility Bill, 2009-10, pp. 1-3). With the outlook of bringing the budget back into balance within 2017 financial year, the government would like that its budget deficit as a percentage of GDP may fall to almost the half level of the present year standard. With the